During aerobic exercise, determining heart rate limits is based on a percentage of:

Determining heart rate limits during aerobic exercise is primarily based on a percentage of the maximum heart rate. This measurement is crucial because maximum heart rate provides a benchmark for how hard the heart can safely work during exercise.

To establish effective training zones, exercise professionals often use formulas, such as 220 minus the individual's age, to estimate maximum heart rate. By calculating various percentages of this maximum, individuals can target specific intensity levels for their workouts—like moderate or vigorous exercise—which are essential for achieving different fitness goals.

For instance, exercising at 60-70% of maximum heart rate is often recommended for improving cardiovascular fitness, while higher percentages, such as 80-90%, may be used for more advanced training focused on performance enhancement. This method ensures the exercise performed is both safe and efficient, allowing for adjustments based on the individual's condition and fitness objectives.

In contrast, resting heart rate, baseline fitness, and average heart rate do not provide a clear threshold for the intensity of aerobic exercise. Resting heart rate reflects the heart's efficiency when at rest, baseline fitness is more subjective and can differ greatly between individuals, and average heart rate does not adequately represent the maximum effort that can be safely performed. Therefore, utilizing maximum heart rate as a